Hi Friends,
We are planning to publish a book on Alumina Technology covering various technical aspects with emphasis on process & design of Metallurgical and Non-Metalurgical (Speciality grades) Alumina Plants including Byproducts. We have structured a Draft Table of Content for the purpose. If everything goes well, this book will be published by early 2014 by a Publisher of International repute.
In our opinion, the proposed new book will be unique with regard to availability of in depth technical data / information generally required by process engineers and plant designers as no such book is available in the market particularly on Bauxite, Hydrates and Aluminas.
Given below, please find the draft table of content seeking your views for addition / deletion / modifications, you feel appropriate, for enrichment.
TABLE
OF CONTENT
1.
Introduction
2.
Raw Materials
3.
Process technology
3.1.
Alumina
production process
3.2.
Process
considerations
3.3.
Quality
of Alumina
3.3.1.
Specifications
of Metallurgical grade alumina
3.3.2.
Applications
of Metallurgical grade alumina
3.4.
Technological
options for design of Alumina refinery
3.4.1.
Bauxite
crushing
3.4.2.
Bauxite
grinding
3.4.3.
Desilication,
digestion and slurry flashing
3.4.4.
Residue
thickening, washing and disposal
3.4.5.
Heat
interchange system
3.4.6.
Precipitation
3.4.7.
Calcination
3.5
Recommended
process route
3.6
Process
and design features of Alumina refinery
3.6.1
Basic
considerations for design of bauxite crushers
3.6.2
Principles
of Desilication process
3.6.3
Significance
of sodalite factor
3.6.4
Impact
of dissolved silica in pregnant liquor on product quality
3.6.5
Desilication
methods
3.6.6
Design
of efficient digestion system
3.6.7
Techniques
of liquor decantation and residue washing
3.6.8
TCA as
filter aid for polishing filtration
3.6.9
Heat
interchange system
3.6.10 Principles of hydrate precipitation
3.6.11 Techniques of hydrate classification
3.6.12 Multiple effect evaporation system
3.6.13 Hydrate washing and filtration
3.6.14 Energy efficient calcination system
3.7
Major
process control parameters
4.
Plant Design Criteria
4.1
Basic
terminology used in Alumina refinery
4.1.1
Solids
concentration in slurry
4.1.2
Liquor
concentration
4.1.3
Plant
causticity
4.1.4
Alumina
to Caustic ratio
4.2
Basis
for design capacity of Alumina refinery
4.2.1
Estimated
reserves and quality of Bauxite
4.2.2
Fixation
of plant capacity
4.2.3
Product-mix
and product specifications
4.2.4
Finalization
of production process route
4.2.5
Sizing
of plant and equipment
4.2.6
Safety
and pollution control measures
4.2.7
Planning
for green belt
4.3
Plant availability,
margin and operating schedule
4.3.1
Overall
availability of plant
4.3.2
Design
margin
4.3.3
Turndown
ratio
4.4
Major
efficiency parameters
4.5
Plant
operating schedule
4.6
Unit
areawise operating and process control parameters
5.
Methodology for Design of Plant and Equipment
5.1.
Basis for Sizing of Pipelines in Alumina
refinery
5.2.
Dimensions and drive motor rating for Ball mill
5.3.
Design of test tanks
5.4.
Design of liquor to Ball mill heat exchangers
5.5.
Design of Bauxite slurry heat exchangers
5.6.
Drive motor rating calculations for agitators
of Predesilication tanks
5.7.
Design of digester vessels
5.8.
Design of 1st stage regenerative
heat exchangers
5.9.
Design of 2nd stage regenerative
heat exchangers
5.10. Design of 3rd stage regenerative heat exchangers
5.11. Design of live steam heat exchangers
5.12. Design of 1st stage heat exchanger for heat
interchange unit
5.13. Design of 2nd stage heat exchanger for heat
interchange unit
5.14. Design of precipitation tank chemical cleaning heat
exchangers
5.15. Design of spiral heat exchangers
5.16. Method of Stack height calculations for boilers and
calciners
5.17. Basis for design of Cogeneration plant
5.18. Design calculations for raw water supply system
6.
Safety and Environmental Management
6.1.
HAZID and HAZOP study for Alumina refinery
6.2.
Emission of gases and Air quality monitoring
6.3.
Generation and Disposal of Bauxite residue
6.4.
Generation and disposal of fly ash
6.5.
Surface effluent & Concept of Zero effluent
discharge
7.
Design Aspects for Civil and Structural Work
7.1.
Geo-technical
studies of soil
7.2.
Design
features of civil work
7.3.
Design
features of structural work
7.4.
Suitability
of TMT bars for Alumina refinery
8.
Special Grades of Bauxite, Hydrate and Alumina
8.1.
Chemical
grade bauxite
8.2.
Cement
grade bauxite
8.3.
Refractory
grade calcined bauxite
8.4.
Abrasive
grade calcined bauxite
8.5.
Chemical
grade hydrate
8.6.
High
purity hydrate
8.7.
Dry
coarse hydrate
8.8.
Superfine
hydrate
8.9.
Fire
retardant filler grade hydrate
8.10.
Pharmaceutical
grade hydrate
8.11.
Light
hydrate
8.12.
SP
grade calcined alumina
8.13.
High
purity high alpha alumina
8.14.
Activated
alumina
8.15.
Tabular
alumina
9.
By-Products & Alumina Chemicals
9.1.
Vanadium
Sludge
9.2.
Gallium
metal
9.3.
Ferric
alum from Bauxite
9.4.
Non-Ferric
alumum from hydrate
9.5.
Specifications
and Production of Zeolite
9.6.
Production
of Zeolite from Bauxite
9.7.
Production
of Zeolite from hydrate
10.
Basic Process Calculations
10.1. Calculations for bauxite consumption factor
10.2. Calculations for Caustic soda losses
10.3. Material flow balance for typical Alumina refinery
10.4. Broad break of process steam requirement
10.5. Estimated electrical power requirement
10.6. Process water requirement
10.7. Make up water requirement for cogeneration plant
10.8. Water requirement for drinking and sanitation in plant
11.
Project Engineering and Execution
11.1. Engineering stages of Alumina refinery
11.2. Execution Methodology
11.3. Testing & commissioning Procedure
Your views / suggestions on the matter will be appreciated.
Thanks and regards.
Kunwar Rajendra
